GCSE Biology
Disease and response
revision.
Pathogens, immunity, vaccination and the control systems that keep conditions constant.
Disease and response guides
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Students type: IVF FSH GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guideHeart diseaseStudents type: heart disease risk factors GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guidePlant diseaseStudents type: TMV rose black spot GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guideMonoclonal antibodiesStudents type: monoclonal antibodies GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guideReaction time required practicalStudents type: reaction time required practical GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guideThermoregulationStudents type: thermoregulation vasodilation sweating GCSE
Open guide Revision guideThe kidneyStudents type: kidney filtration selective reabsorption GCSE
Open guide Revision guideBlood glucose and diabetesStudents type: insulin glycogen blood glucose GCSE
Open guide Revision guideEndocrine systemStudents type: endocrine system glands hormones GCSE
Open guide Revision guideNervous system and reflexesStudents type: reflex arc neurones GCSE Biology
Open guide Revision guideDrug trialsStudents type: drug trial stages preclinical clinical GCSE
Open guide Revision guideAntibiotics and painkillersStudents type: why antibiotics do not work on viruses GCSE
Open guideInfection and response
Pathogens, transmission, white blood cells, vaccination, antibiotics and why viruses cannot be treated with antibiotics.
Homeostasis
Nervous and chemical coordination, reflex arcs, synapses, blood glucose, insulin and the control of body temperature.
Pathogens and disease
Classify pathogens for GCSE Biology: bacteria, viruses, fungi and protists, how they damage cells or release toxins, and the transmission routes that match measles, Salmonella, malaria and rose black spot.
White blood cells
Explain the three GCSE Biology white-blood-cell defences: phagocytosis, antibody production and antitoxins, and how they sit behind skin, mucus, cilia and stomach acid in the immune system.
Vaccination
Explain how vaccines work for GCSE Biology: dead or inactive pathogen, antigens, antibodies, memory cells, a faster secondary response, and herd immunity protecting people who cannot be vaccinated.
Antibiotics and painkillers
Separate antibiotics from painkillers for GCSE Biology: antibiotics kill bacteria or stop growth, they do nothing to viruses, painkillers ease symptoms, and resistance evolves by natural selection (MRSA).
Drug trials
Sequence preclinical and clinical drug trials for GCSE Biology: cells and tissues, animals, healthy volunteers, patients, double-blind placebo tests, and why peer review and sample size matter.
Nervous system and reflexes
Sequence a reflex arc for GCSE Biology: stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurone, effector, synapse with neurotransmitter, and why the brain is not a required stop.
Endocrine system
Map GCSE Biology hormones: glands, blood transport, target organs, pituitary as master gland, and how chemical control is slower but longer-lasting than a nerve impulse.
Blood glucose and diabetes
Control blood glucose for GCSE Biology: pancreas, insulin, glycogen in liver and muscle, glucagon on Higher tier, and the Type 1 versus Type 2 diabetes treatments examiners split.
The kidney
Explain kidney function for GCSE Biology: filtration in the glomerulus, selective reabsorption of glucose and water, ADH and urine concentration, and dialysis versus transplant as kidney-failure treatments.
Thermoregulation
Control body temperature for GCSE Biology: thermoregulatory centre, sweating, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, shivering, hair erection, and why enzymes need a set point near 37 °C.
Reaction time required practical
Plan the GCSE Biology reaction-time investigation: ruler-drop or computer test, caffeine or tiredness as the independent variable, reaction time as the dependent variable, controls, mean and evaluation.
Monoclonal antibodies
Explain how monoclonal antibodies are made and used for GCSE Biology: hybridoma cells, pregnancy tests and targeted cancer therapy.
Plant disease
GCSE Biology revision on plant diseases: TMV and rose black spot as named examples, symptoms, transmission, effects on photosynthesis and yield, and control by hygiene, fungicides and resistant varieties.
Heart disease
GCSE Biology revision on cardiovascular disease as a non-communicable disease: diet, smoking, inactivity, genetics, statins, and lifestyle changes that reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Fertility treatments
GCSE Biology revision on fertility treatments: IVF, FSH and LH hormones, egg collection and embryo transfer, benefits and ethical concerns, and how fertility drugs stimulate ovulation.
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