GCSE Chemistry

Structure and bonding
revision.

Atoms, electronic structure, ionic, covalent and metallic bonding, and the periodic table.

Structure and bonding guides

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05

Isotopes

GCSE Chemistry revision on isotopes: same proton number, different neutrons, relative atomic mass as a weighted mean, and why chemical properties stay the same.

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06

Electronic structure

GCSE Chemistry revision on electronic structure: shells 2, 8, 8, how group and period follow the outer electrons, and why noble gases are unreactive.

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07

Ions and formulae

GCSE Chemistry revision on ions and formulae: charges on Na⁺, Mg²⁺, O²⁻, SO₄²⁻, balancing charges in salts, and writing formulae with state symbols.

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08

Ionic bonding

GCSE Chemistry revision on ionic bonding: electron transfer from metal to non-metal, giant ionic lattices, and why salts have high melting points but only conduct when molten or dissolved.

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09

Covalent bonding

GCSE Chemistry revision on covalent bonding: shared electron pairs in H₂, Cl₂, H₂O, CH₄ and CO₂, and why simple molecules have low melting points and do not conduct.

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10

Metallic bonding

GCSE Chemistry revision on metallic bonding: positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons, and why metals conduct, bend and often have high melting points.

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11

States of matter

GCSE Chemistry revision on states of matter: particle arrangement in solids, liquids and gases, changes of state, and how bonding type decides melting and boiling points.

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12

Giant covalent structures

GCSE Chemistry revision on giant covalent structures: diamond, graphite, graphene and silicon dioxide, and why graphite conducts while diamond does not.

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13

Group 1 alkali metals

GCSE Chemistry revision on Group 1 alkali metals: one outer electron, reactions with water and oxygen, and why reactivity increases down the group.

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14

Group 7 halogens

GCSE Chemistry revision on Group 7 halogens: diatomic molecules, displacement reactions, colours, and why reactivity decreases down the group.

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15

Group 0 noble gases

GCSE Chemistry revision on Group 0 noble gases: full outer shells, monatomic gases, low reactivity, and boiling points that increase down the group.

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16

Transition metals

GCSE Chemistry revision on transition metals (Triple): coloured compounds, variable ions such as Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, catalysts, and comparison with Group 1 metals.

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17

Mendeleev and the periodic table

GCSE Chemistry revision on Mendeleev and the periodic table: atomic number order, groups and periods, left gaps, and how electronic structure explains the modern table.

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More GCSE Chemistry
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Teacher-written GCSE Chemistry revision for Combined and Triple Science: atomic structure, bonding, the periodic table, acids, electrolysis, rates, organic chemistry, calculations and the atmosphere.

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